A genome is an organism’s complete set of genetic instructions. Each genome contains all of the information needed to build that organism and allow it to grow and develop. 

Genes are small sections of DNA within the genome that code for proteins. They contain the instructions for our individual characteristics – like eye and hair colour. 

Genome editing is a way of making specific changes to the DNA of a cell or organism. An enzyme cuts the DNA at a specific sequence, and when this is repaired by the cell a change or ‘edit’ is made to the sequence.

Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi or parasites and can spread between individuals. 

Antibiotic resistance is when bacteria develop the ability to survive exposure to antibiotics designed to kill them or stop their growth. 

In biology, evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection.

GMOs are organisms that have had their characteristics changed through the modification of their DNA.